11.4 Discussion

11.4.1 Path Diagrams

\[ \begin{matrix} \\ \text{Sleep} \rightarrow \text{Feelings of Stress} \\ \\ \end{matrix} \]

• How would the following fit into this causal path diagram?
  1. All the other factors in the world that also cause stress but don’t have a causal relationship with sleep.
  2. A factor: Coffee Intake
     • What happens if you omit it in your regression?
  3. Reverse causality
  4. An outcome variable on the RHS: Job Performance
     • What happens if you include it in your regression?